Congenital heart disease affects 1 in 100 infants and is the leading cause of infant mortality in the US. Among the most severe forms of congenital heart disease is single ventricle physiology, in which the heart develops with only one functional pumping chamber. These patients typically undergo three open chest surgeries, culminating in the Fontan procedure at three years of age. Prior work has extensively explored the use of multiscale models, combining hemodynamics with lumped parameter models of single ventricle physiology to assess surgical methods for all three stages of single ventricle palliation. Here, we present our recent work, which extends traditional models of Fontan hemodynamics to include multiple physical processes and cardiac function. We will discuss our recent progress towards: 1) growth and remodeling of tissue engineered vascular grafts in the Fontan circulation, including a finite element framework for fluid solid growth, and 2) design of a 3D bioprinted pulsatile conduit to provide a power source for Fontan physiology. Recent methodological advances for generation of vascular networks using optimization will also be described. Finally, we discuss progress and challenges of developing whole heart models incorporating machine learning for image segmentation, fluid mechanics, active contraction, electrophysiology and valves. We will describe open source software and data resources available via the SimVascular project and the Vascular Model Repository.

Alison Marsden is the Douglass M. and Nola Leishman Professor of Cardiovascular Disease in the Departments of Pediatrics, Bioengineering, and, by courtesy, Mechanical Engineering at Stanford University. She is a member of the Institute for Mathematical and Computational Engineering. From 2007–2015 she was a faculty member in Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering at UCSD. She graduated with a BSE degree in Mechanical Engineering from Princeton University in 1998, and a PhD in Mechanical Engineering from Stanford in 2005. She was a postdoctoral fellow at Stanford University in Bioengineering from 2005-07. She was the recipient of a Burroughs Wellcome Fund Career Award at the Scientific Interface in 2007, an NSF CAREER award in 2011. She was elected fellow of AIMBE and SIAM in 2018, the APS DFD in 2020, and BMES in 2021. She is the 2023 recipient of the Van C. Mow medal from the ASME Bioengineering Division. She has published over 160 journal articles and holds leadership roles in the ASME and APS scientific societies. Her research focuses on the development of numerical methods for cardiovascular biomechanics and application of engineering methods to impact patient care in cardiovascular surgery and congenital heart disease.