Christian Scharrer, University of Bonn, Isoperimetric constrained Willmore tori
ZoomIn order to explain the bi-concave shape of red blood cells, Helfrich proposed to study the minimisation of a bending energy amongst closed surfaces with given fixed area and volume. In the homogeneous case, the Helfrich functional simplifies to the scaling invariant Willmore functional. Thus, for the minimisation, the two constraints on area and volume…