Let Σ be a closed surface (i.e. a 2-dimensional Riemannian manifold) satisfying the following condition: the first eigenvalue of the elliptic operator -Δ+βK is nonnegative, where K is the Gauss curvature and β is a positive constant . This condition was mainly motivated by the studies of positive scalar curvature in dimension three, and soon…
In this talk I will show that the Morse index of the critical Moebius band in the 4-dimensional Euclidean ball equals 5. This result makes use of the quartic Hopf differential technique and a comparison theorem between the index of a free boundary minimal surface in the Euclidean ball and its spectral index. The latter also enables us to reprove…
In this talk, we will survey G2-structures, which are cross product structures on 7-manifolds, and we will discuss recent developments on a natural geometric flow of G2-structures called Laplacian flow. The Laplacian flow was introduced by Robert Bryant as a tool to explore the geometry of G2-structures on 7-manifolds and to construct examples of G2-holonomy…
In this talk, I will present new results on the symmetry reduction of gas dynamic systems of PDEs following the general framework presented by Lev Ovsyannikov in his article "The “podmodeli” program. Gas dynamics" https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/0021892894901376 The gas dynamics systems of equations, with an arbitrary state equation, has an 11-dimensional Lie algebra of symmetries which generates a group…
Disorder is a fact of life, and controlling it on the nanoscale is complex, expensive, and of limited use. On the other hand, disordered materials do offer a range of possible applications if we know how to identify their useful features. To this end, we propose an approach through Topological Learning to quantify disorder and…
Many areas of interest within the Earth are anisotropic, meaning that the speed of sound is different in different directions. It turns out that pressure waves are far better behaved than shear waves, but fortunately the different polarizations are coupled together through algebraic geometry. I will explain the surprising power of algebraic geometry in the…
The natural question is: do structures satisfying given open relations (called the genuine solutions of the differential relation) exist on a given manifold? Replacing all derivatives appearing in a differential relation by the additional independent variables one obtains an open subset of the corresponding jet bundle. A formal solution of the differential relation is a…
In this talk, we will introduce the special Lagrangian and Lagrangian mean curvature type equations. We will derive a priori interior estimates for the Lagrangian mean curvature equation under certain natural restrictions on the Lagrangian angle. As an application, we will use these estimates to solve the Dirichlet problem for the Lagrangian mean curvature equation with continuous boundary data…
A theorem of Liouville asserts that the simplest conformal transformations on Euclidean space---translations, dilations, reflections, and inversions---generate all conformal transformations when the dimension is at least 3. I will describe a new proof of this theorem which is shorter and more elementary than the argument, due to Nevanlinna, found in most modern textbooks.
We discuss a sharp area estimate for minimal submanifolds that pass through a prescribed point in a geodesic ball in a space form. The estimate in Euclidean space was first conjectured by Alexander, Hoffman, and Osserman in 1974 and proven in full generality by Brendle and Hung in 2017. We will show the sharp area estimate also holds…
In traditional Euclidean geometry, points serve as the foundational elements for constructing and analyzing space. In contrast, Laguerre geometry, a non-Euclidean geometry, uses oriented circles (or hyperspheres, in the context of higher dimensions) and oriented lines (or hyperplanes), as fundamental objects. Here, a “point” is simply a circle with radius zero, i.e. having no special…
Khovanov homology is a link invariant which categorifies Jones polynomial. In this talk we present several results concerning Khovanov homology of fibered positive links; in particular, we extend the result by Stosic stating that braid positive links have vanishing Khovanov homology in homological grading 1. We also explore Khovanov homology of certain cable links and…
In volume-constrained capillarity problems, minimizers may have free boundaries adhering to the container. Recent work in the study of capillarity problems has utilized stability theory for the volume-constrained isoperimetric problem to classify the shape of global minimizers and (in the case without free boundary) critical points. In this talk, I will discuss joint work with…
Schoen-Yau proved the spacetime positive energy theorem by reducing it to the time-symmetric (Riemannian) case using the Jang equation. To acquire solutions to the Jang equation, they introduced a family of regularized equations and took the limit of regularized solutions, whereas a sequence of regularized solutions could blow up in some bounded regions enclosed by apparent horizons. They analyzed the blowup behavior near and outside the apparent horizons, but what happens inside…
In this talk we consider an Electro-Magnetic Wave operator on a complete Riemannian manifold, which generalizes the standard wave equation to include first order and zeroth order terms. The Cauchy Problem for the Electro-Magnetic Wave operator with zero initial values and a smooth compactly supported forcing function has a unique smooth solution. We study the…
In this talk, we consider an inverse problem for the nonlinear Boltzmann equation with a time-dependent kernel in dimensions 2 and higher. We establish a logarithm-type stability result for the collision kernel from measurements under certain additional conditions. A uniqueness result is derived as an immediate consequence of the stability result. Our approach relies on…
In this talk, I will give a brief and intuitive overview of the methods of Topological Data Analysis we developed in my Discuri Centre. Starting from Euler numbers and its generalization we will get to the regime of statistical goodness of fit test. We will explore alternative methods of constructing graph based visualization of data.…
The interpolation method is a very powerful tool to construct special solutions in geometric analysis. I will present two applications in mean curvature flow: one is constructing a new genus one self-shrinking mean curvature flow, and another one is constructing immortal mean curvature flow with higher multiplicity convergence. The talk is based on joint work…
A fundamental question in Differential Geometry which has spurred much recent work is whether every orientable compact surface with boundary can be minimally embedded in the Euclidean 3-ball with free boundary. I will discuss work (joint with M. Karpukhin, R. Kusner, and D. Stern) which resolves this problem.